The Depravity Of Humanity Global Human Trafficking

Zachary Rhoden Nita B. Wood ENG 111 11:00 December 3, 2015 The Depravity of Humanity â€Å"Global human trafficking is big business† (Gale, Cengage Learning). This quote in of itself warrants a deep seated fear and revulsion. But it is also true. Human trafficking is not exactly a new thing; it is as old as humanity itself. That is why Prostitution is considered the world’s oldest profession because it has been around since the birth of humanity. Also, the following sentence quote shows the age of human trafficking. â€Å"What may surprise those who think of trafficking as a recent phenomenon, however, is that the introductory quotes are actually from reformers at an international anti-trafficking congress in 1899 (Limonelli).† The 2000†¦show more content†¦Also, masturbation and homosexuality though wonderful in modern times was considered at the time to be morally debasing (Limonelli). The type of sexual outlet that was permitted were concubines. The colonists would take an indigenous woman for a false wife. This concubine would live with the male colonist and perform the wifely duties until the European woman could arrive and make legal wives and children for the male colonists (Limonelli). One of the causes of human trafficking is poverty. Poverty leads to human trafficking

Image Analysis of an Advertisement - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 871 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Introduction Men’s magazines are always concerned about the interest of their subscribers. For one, they are most concerned about what men love doing most which are what they often do when they are on their leisure time. For instance, the topic of interest might include alcohol and beverages, hunting and fishing, politics, travel and tourism and most importantly dating. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Image Analysis of an Advertisement" essay for you Create order Also, an advert that has something about an interview with wealthy and famous men, then they might consider the advert to suit them since it is about something that has their interest. People might be interested in some comedy and cartoons that are mostly about sexual matters. These kind of magazines are not particularly meant for the reason of having fun, humor or fiction, some of these magazines the main stay is because they have photographs that have beautiful women that are wearing little or no clothing at all. This essay is to analyze how to sell men’s magazine at Che’ advertisement in the computer world magazine has always used a phrase to equate the product in a manner that it will be better in the dream world. The Che advertisement uses a phrase that is to associate the product that will lead to a better dream world. The text that is at the bottom of the poster has a significant meaning to most of the clients. Men always have the impression that they can contact the young woman whenever interested. Contrary to this, they are always fantasizing that they can make a call to the lady. To quote, â€Å"Let us keep on dreaming of a better world.†Ã‚   The advertisement always emphasizes or campaigns for the â€Å"better world† which gives the impression that it will be fun to be in that particular world. Also, men always believe that the fun will be close or near the near the person that they see in the picture. At the reasonable print there is the logo that identifies the product that the advertisement is selling, and in this case, it is Che, and this is a men’s magazine. The model is featuring a young lady on the routine basis which will lead to the benefit of the company. Whenever a customer buys or subscribes to this magazine, then they can easily access the â€Å"better world† for there is a guarantee. The female model that appears on the advertisement is always shown from behind which makes the viewer see the lady as an object and not a person in a real sense. The primary emphasis is on her body, and that is why her face is not revealed at any cost. People are after viewing her body since that is what they are interested in and not her face. The body will be used in attracting more men in buying the magazine for most of them are anxious about what is inside. The lady should be dressed in a way that all her body will be exposed.  Ã‚   The lady should be the leading figure in the picture forgetting the rest of the features.   The major attracting thing that will be the eye of the town is the dress code. She is to wear a short skirt that should show some parts of her buttocks. The fact that there is the display of the number, it means that the viewer has the chance to get the phone. The model approaching a trolley is a clear symbol that there is a linking that she needs to bring about with the train that will be used to take her to her destination.   The train is the opportunity that men have for reaching the magazine. They have to grab the chance that is being given to them for them to arrive at the destination and know the place where they can quickly locate and get the magazine.   It means that if the viewer was present, then they might have met her which will lead them to the destination that they both wanted to get to earlier on. The text, â€Å"don’t miss the train† tells men that they should take action which is the language of trading this magazine to the people interested.   There should be a particular means of transport that will be used in transporting the two to the destination that they intend to have fun. So, there being the lady and the train on the advertisement picture is a clear emphasizes for the means of transport to be u sed. Conclusion Men and women are interested in different things and especially when it comes to reading the news from the magazines. There is the kind of news that women are interested in and men too which bring out the difference between the two genders.   If there is an advertisement about women, apparently we should be expecting something like kitchen utensils, about their health and the way they should dress. Men’s magazines always advertise something to do with food, sex, business careers, travel, and tourism, etc. from the advertisement for Che’s men magazine; it makes it clear that most people are interested in the â€Å"better world.† For this particular ad, it means that to men, life will not get better than it is now.

Maslows and Murrays theories - 1064 Words

The organismic theory in psychology is based on the idea that the individual is composed of elements making up a system, and that one element cannot be separated from its system in order to study it. Two of the organismic theorists have developed theories to understand humans’ psychological developments through their needs: Abraham Maslow, with his hierarchy of needs theory; and Henry Murray, and his psychogenic needs theory. They both focused on developing their theories to understand human personality and its development. However dissimilarities are found between the two theories, they both share the concept of having steps of developments that should lead to the human goal, or potential. The Hierarchy of needs theory, by Maslow, shows†¦show more content†¦(ch. 7. Allpsych.com) Power and affiliation and achievement were the most studied psychogenic needs. Studies also showed how cultural and gender differences affected the way people dealt with these needs. In Ameri ca people are more likely to be high in their achievement needs, however, in other, collectivistic cultures, the need for affiliation is higher. Also, men and women differ in the way they show these needs. Researches have also showed that other personality traits may influence the way people expressed their needs. For example, an introvert would fulfill his needs for affiliation by having small groups of friends, but an extrovert would do the same by having a large group of friends. One difference between Maslow and Murray is that the latter believed that all the needsShow MoreRelatedThe Between Public And Private Sector1030 Words   |  5 Pageshigh level of productivity from them. There are many theories that lead us to believe that an employee’s motivation level is directly related to the employee’s level of productivity and engagement. So then what motivates a workforce as a whole, each individual, and does employee motivation vary between public and private organ izations? Common Theories of Motivation Murray’s Theory of Needs American psychologist Henry Murray developed a theory of personality that was organized in terms of motivesRead MoreThe Theory Of Psychogenic Needs1256 Words   |  6 Pages Murray’s Theory of Psychogenic Needs can be interpreted as processes of satisfying motives and needs and is influenced by Freud’s Theory of Psychoanalysis . The first principle in Murray’s theory, is based on the personality being rooted in the brain while cerebral physiology is guiding and governs every aspect of the personality. Feelings, beliefs, attitudes, conscious and unconscious memories, everything on which personality depends exists inside the brain, as well as values andRead MoreEssay about Comparison and Contrast of Maslow and Murray1912 Words   |  8 PagesComparing and Contrasting Maslow and Murray’s Theories of Needs Organismic theorists Abraham Maslow and Henry Murray tried to define the psychological developmental growth of humans via their theories of Hierarchy of Needs and Psychogenic Needs, respectively. Although each personality theorist’s idea attempts to define human psychological development there are quite a few dissimilarities between the two concepts; however, as much dissimilarity that may exist between the hierarchy of needs andRead MoreHave Human Needs Changed?992 Words   |  4 Pagesfulfil their needs and can work towards achieving their desires. In this essay I aim to identify the needs of humans and how they have been met from the early days of humanity, right through to the present day. I will be placing a lot of emphasis on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs as this is the most widely accepted model and it makes sense that humans will have progressed up this hierarchy over time, this is something I will be exploring in the essay. I will first discuss what needs are and various modelsRead MoreCase Study : Lola From A Motives Perspective Essay1386 Words   |  6 Pagesover into her academic life as well she is currently struggling with her grades in college she is on academic probation. She is struggling to identify herself and her place in life, she has no focus or desire to set a clear path. Murray’s Theory In Murray’s theory, he began with the identification of a need to Murray a need is the potential for an individual to respond in a certain way under certain circumstances. 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The next level would include safety needs, personal and financial security health and well being. As you move up the pyramid the needs increase to love and belonging, self –esteem and the highest level would include self-actualization, reaching one’s full potential. The theory is that you canRead MoreSentence Completion Test5817 Words   |  24 PagesPersonality Inventory–2 [MMPI–2]), not by category (e.g., inkblot and storytelling technique). Despite the recognized popularity of SCTs, what is not known is which ones practitioners are using, whether they score these instruments according to any theory or guideline, why the tests are so popular, or why they are lumped together as if they all provide the same psychological information. This informati on is important to academicians who are charged with preparing future psychologists to perform appropriatelyRead MorePsychology14463 Words   |  58 Pagessocial-psychological theories and research. Rather than providing a thorough literature review of all research using constructs proposed to represent the operation of basic human needs, we instead review much more selectively the current state of theories about basic human needs, with a little historical context. We have chosen six theories for comparison. All of these theories have been given extensive explication and review elsewhere, so we will focus particularly on how these theories are structured

Clinical Psychology and Gerontology Vaccination Against Measles

Question: Describe about the Clinical Psychology and Gerontology for Vaccination Against Measles. Answer: 1. It has been found from the paper of Ozawa et al., (2014) that almost all the children receive vaccination against measles, diphtheria, polio but very few adults attempt for vaccination for protection against pneumococcal and influenza disease despite they have the potential to save or reduce their sufferings. The literature review shows slow adoption of the vaccines in the elderly. SteelFisher et al., (2015) highlighted that in Singapore the schedule of vaccination for adults is not offered comprehensively when compared to other countries such as Australia, Europe, and the United States. Therefore, several studies have been conducted to understand the reasons for slow adoption of vaccines in the elderly. Ang et al., (2013) believes that the importance of the vaccinations in enhancing the immune system of aging is unknown to many. There is a lack of awareness about the ability to protect against infections even in chronically ill patients. Currently, MOH recommends adult vaccines for people in high-risk groups or severe chronic illness to protect against Influenza and Pneumonia. In spite of the newly set national guidelines very few adults are vaccinated. According to the specialist of infectious disease, Mr. DrLeong Hoe Nam at Mount Elizabeth Novena Specialist Centre the slow adoption of vaccines in the elderly is due to lack of awareness among health care providers, patients and their families (Low et al., 2015). Studies conducted by Eng et al., (2014) showed that few proportion of patient are aware of the fact that influenza leads to death in individuals who are already suffering from other diseases such as Diabetes, Asthma, lung disease as well as those with weakened immune system . There is also the lack of awareness that the recent tetanus vaccine, which includes a booster for a whooping cough, renders protection to the adults as well as their grandchildren. There is varying rate of effectiveness for the adult vaccines unlike children vaccines, which are found to be 100% effective for polio and measles. The shots for pneumonia and flu are not successful which another reason for lagging adult immunization rates. In 2014, the rate of infection by flu reduced by only 19% after receiving flu vaccines in Singapore, which made difficult to persuade the older adults to get vaccinated (Ang et al., 2015). In addition, many physician dot not recommend vaccines more often or incorporate them into routine care and many physicians do not consider vaccinations a priority for adults (Tan et al., 2016). According to Tomczyk et al., (2014) new vaccine pricing owing to its complexity is leading to medical, scientific and public health ramifications. This pricing system has slowed down the adoption of the vaccination, as such vaccines do not reach the market to their full potential. The cost of one influenza jab is $35, and that about pneumococcal vaccine is about $80 in privatized health clinics. The high cost is the biggest hurdle for the care providers and patients. The shelf life of shingles vaccine is very short which makes its storage difficult in personal offices of physicians and therefore patients themselves has to get it from health clinics or pharmacy. Consequently, this extra step deters patients (Fatha Goh, 2014). The private insurances cover vaccines in addition to preventive services, but then the same deal is not applicable in the case of Medisave or Medicare where in one part the Flu and pneumonia shots are free, but shingles and tetanus vaccines may be covered in other part or require the copayment. In Singapore, Medisave does not pay for vaccinations (Tan et al., 2016). There is a need of enhanced effort to strengthen these areas to improve the speed of vaccine adoption among the elderly and prevent life-threatening ailments. The government of Singapore must develop measures and policies for improvement in vaccination programs for adults. 2. Vaccination is the cornerstone to control infectious disease and reduce the rate of mortality and morbidity. Since Singapore is a compact city, it is easy to administer vaccines to the large population quickly with systematic and good monitoring of adverse consequences. Singapore can improve adult vaccination in elderly by various ways, which are discussed in subsequent sections. Thein et al., (2013) Stated that there is an increase in efforts from the doctor to introduce more vaccines for the adults in Singapore. Currently, MOH recommends adult vaccines for people in high-risk groups or severe chronic illness to protect against Influenza and Pneumonia. Public hospitals should start programs to increase the adult vaccine rates. In addition, Singapore can implement pre-discharge vaccination as a standard of care similar to US and Canada (Natarajan Shankar, 2015). In every hospital, a significant proportion of inpatients suffer from conditions, which demands them to be immunized against chronic diseases. Therefore, offering these vaccines to them before the discharge would be a good opportunity. The patients on the other hand can lump the cost of vaccination within the hospital bill. The MOH should ensure the viability of paying for vaccinations using Medisave. It will reduce the cash outlay for the patients. Hospitals must hold "annual vaccination exercise" f or the patient who has undergone Kidney transplantation. This has been found to be successful in UK in immunizing 89% of the patients with Kidney disease against pneumococcal, hepatitis and influenza disease (Thein et al., 2013). Since these patients are immunocompromised, such interventions are helpful to reduce long-term complications. Vaccination education programs should target adult population to create awareness about how aging drops the immunity, the level of risks and complexity associated with infections after the age of 50 years. There is a need to educate about the deadly "lockjaw" condition caused when not immunized against tetanus. That may increase the immunization rates of tetanus (Nguyen et al., 2015). The education programs should target at promoting health changing behavior in elders by enhancing self-efficacy and motivation. It is essential to increase the awareness in elderly about the need to take preventive health steps by updating them about the recommended vaccines and the terrible condition, which can be prevented (Natarajan Shankar, 2015). Physicians should be instructed to strictly follow the national guidelines that should mandate them to recommend vaccines to all the older patients with weakened immunity. These will increase the awareness and adoption of vaccines by older patients. The M OH in Singapore can implement a multifaceted quality improvement initiative in all the health organisations to increase the prescription of the influenza and pneumococcal vaccines in elderly and diabetics. Since such methods have shown improvements in some health institutes, it appears to be effective. However, there is a need for measures to evaluate its sustainability and applicability in all the primary care settings as well as safe reporting system (Tomczyk et al., 2014). According to Nguyen et al., (2015) this method in Singapore have increased the influenza vaccination from 9% to 47.1% and Pneumococcal Vaccine from 6% to 47.1% in a 5-month period. Singapore government can offer drive-through flu shots to the patients in their cars, or the Uber service providers can use a cell phone app to allow the customers to get free vaccines (Said et al., 2013). There is need of implementing e-health technology in Singapore owing to it multifunctional benefits. The health systems can identify the seniors who are in urgent need of vaccination through a quick search of electronic health records. Providing telehealth services is more advantageous as it brings care into a home (Bonten et al., 2015). According to Muhammad et al., (2013) the best way to increase the speed of the immunization in elderly is by engaging every staff in health organization right from the front office to back office in vaccinations. This is an effective method, as it does not lay the entire burden only on the physicians. The policy maker should incorporate training programs for health care professionals to provide intense care to the older patients. It must develop pilot community-based care services for older patients. The MOH must implement policy-directed program evaluation and National Seniors framework for improving the vaccination rate (Ang et al., 2013). Further, the insurers, payers, policymakers should make enhanced efforts to improve adult vaccination coverage rates. According to the theory of generativity by Erik Erikson, older people must expand their care beyond oneself (Ozawa et al., 2014). They should pass their wisdom and knowledge towards other in broader societal contexts to promote better health. Therefore, the community programs or service centres in Singapore must implement similar theories and concepts. The stakeholders must be presented with the data of the deaths due to lack of immunization in elderly to promote such programs in hospital and communities. The supporting evidenc e should be based on randomized control trials and other studies. The stakeholders and the health authority must collaborate internationally to implement vaccination success strategies of other countries such as Canada, US in Singapore (Bonten et al., 2015). 3. Pneumococcal disease is third leading cause of death associated with infection in children as well as in adult in Singapore (Thein et al., 2013). In Singapore, there were 380 cases of invasive pneumococcal disease per year during 2000-2008. More than 50% of them were older patients with 21% of fatality rate. However, in the year 2014, the number decreased to 164. Patients above 65 years of age are highly susceptible to this invasive disease. Vaccination is the cornerstone to control infectious disease and reduce the rate of mortality and morbidity. A pneumococcal vaccine has a potential to prevent life-threatening ailments and can prevent the global health problem. However, there is a slow adoption of pneumococcal vaccine in elderly in Singapore (Tan et al., 2016). Pneumococcal vaccine is vital for the older patient both at individual and at the community level because of deadly complications associated with the infection once developed (Muhammad et al., 2013). The causative organism of this disease is Streptococcus pneumonia, and its pathogenicity is mainly due to capsular polysaccharides. It can be manifested as- Bacteraemia- characterized with non-specific signs of illness and high fever Meningitis- presents with a severe headache, fever, stiffness of neck, nausea,vomiting, and pain when exposed to bright light Bacteremic pneumonia- is presented with rapid breathing, chills, cough, fever and chest pain (Said et al., 2013) There are several complication due to pneumococcal pneumonia such as lung abscess and pericarditis, pneumococcal meningitis leads to significant learning disabilities, paralysis, speech delays and even death (SteelFisher et al., 2015). Lack of pneumococcal immunization may kill a huge number of people owing to the slow adoption of this vaccine. The vaccine is necessary both at individual and community level due to its transition from asymptomatic carriage to invasive form. It is highly infectious and can quickly spread to various parts of the body such as lungs, middle ear, blood, coverings of the brain and spinal cord. It can spread from person to person through direct contact or droplets from an infected person while coughing or sneezing or articles contaminated that with infected droplets (Tomczyk et al., 2014). This implies the safeguard against this deadly disease both at the individual and at a community level. Infection to one person can reach a hundred others and increase the death and disability rate. However, effective intervention can stop the invasive chain of infection. Untreated patients can suffer septic shock, acute respiratory failure, multiorgan failure, and within several days can lead to death after its onset (Ozawa et al., 2014). The rationale for highly targeting elderly population (above 65 years) for this intervention is their weakened immunity and fragility. Older people with diabetes, lung disease are highly prone to this disease. The other risk factors in older adults that facilitate the development of the disease include chronic heart disease, alcohol consumption, smoking, and previous hospitalization for pneumonia. Singapore has been reported with increasing elderly population and hence decreasing pneumococcal disease is an important priority. Across the world the incidence of pneumococcal disease increases with age and the mortality is disproportionately high in an older group of population (Natarajan Shankar, 2015). Also, there is an increase antibiotic resistance among various strains of S. pneumonia, and these are highly found to infect older patients with comorbidities (Fatha et al., 2014). In conclusion, there is a need for herd immunity to eliminate or minimize the death due to PD. The Health Sciences Authority (Singapore regulatory body) has approved the use of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) and PCV13 for the prevention of PD in adults (Tan et al., 2016). The former is highly effective for patient above 65 years of age and with comorbidities. However, a combination of both is best for high-risk adults. References Ang, L. W., Cutter, J., James, L., Goh, K. T. (2013). Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection among adults in Singapore: a 12-year review.Vaccine,32(1), 103-110. Ang, L. W., James, L., Goh, K. T. (2015). Prevalence of diphtheria and tetanus antibodies among adults in Singapore: a national serological study to identify most susceptible population groups.Journal of Public Health, fdv011. Ang, L. W., Tey, S. H., Cutter, J., James, L., Goh, K. T. (2013). Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among children and adolescents in Singapore, 20082010.Journal of medical virology,85(4), 583-588. Bonten, M. J., Huijts, S. M., Bolkenbaas, M., Webber, C., Patterson, S., Gault, S., ... Patton, M. (2015). Polysaccharide conjugate vaccine against pneumococcal pneumonia in adults.New England Journal of Medicine,372(12), 1114-1125. Eng, P., Lim, L. H., Loo, C. M., Low, J. A., Tan, C., Tan, E. K., ... Setia, S. (2014). Role of pneumococcal vaccination in prevention of pneumococcal disease among adults in Singapore.International journal of general medicine,7, 179. Fatha, N., Ang, L. W., Goh, K. T. (2014). Changing seroprevalence of varicella zoster virus infection in a tropical city state, Singapore.International Journal of Infectious Diseases,22, 73-77. Low, S. L., Lam, S., Wong, W. Y., Teo, D., Ng, L. C., Tan, L. K. (2015). Dengue seroprevalence of healthy adults in Singapore: serosurvey among blood donors, 2009.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 14-0671. Muhammad, R. D., Oza-Frank, R., Zell, E., Link-Gelles, R., Narayan, K. V., Schaffner, W., ... Harrison, L. H. (2013). Epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease among high-risk adults since the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for children.Clinical Infectious Diseases,56(5), e59-e67. Natarajan, V. S., Shankar, B. H. (2015). Challenges in the Management of Pneumococcal Disease in Older Adults.The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India,63(4 Suppl), 13-16. Nguyen, M. H., Chen, L. L., Lim, K. W., Chang, W. T., Mamun, K. (2015). Vaccination in Older Adults in Singapore: A Summary of Recent Literature.Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare,24(2), 94-102. Ozawa, S., Privor-Dumm, L. A., Nanni, A., Durden, E., Maiese, B. A., Nwankwo, C. U., ... Foley, K. A. (2014). Evidence-to-policy gap on hepatitis A vaccine adoption in 6 countries: Literature vs. policymakers beliefs.Vaccine,32(32), 4089-4096. Said, M. A., Johnson, H. L., Nonyane, B. A., Deloria-Knoll, M., Katherine, L. O., AGEDD Adult Pneumococcal Burden Study Team. (2013). Estimating the burden of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic techniques.PloS one,8(4), e60273. SteelFisher, G. K., Blendon, R. J., Kang, M., Ward, J. R., Kahn, E. B., Maddox, K. E., ... Ben?Porath, E. N. (2015). Adoption of preventive behaviors in response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic: a multiethnic perspective.Influenza and other respiratory viruses,9(3), 131-142. Tan, K., Wijaya, L., Chiew, H. J., Sitoh, Y. Y., Shafi, H., Chen, R., ... Lim, T. (2016). An outbreak of Group B Streptococcal CNS infection in Singapore: unusual clinical and MRI findings (P1. 330).Neurology,86(16 Supplement), P1-330. Thein, T. L., Leo, Y. S., Fisher, D. A., Low, J. G., Oh, H. M., Gan, V. C., ... Lye, D. C. (2013). Risk factors for fatality among confirmed adult dengue inpatients in Singapore: a matched case-control study.PloS one,8(11), e81060. Tomczyk, S., Bennett, N. M., Stoecker, C., Gierke, R., Moore, M. R., Whitney, C. G., ... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2014). Use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine among adults aged 65 years: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep,63(37), 822-5.